They were elected annually by the Court of Proprietors, or shareholders. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s tensions increased between the company and the Indian population. The English East India Company ("the Company") was founded in 1600, as The Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/East-India-Company, IndiaNetzone - British East India Company, Encyclopædia Iranica - East India Company, National Geographic - Culture - How the East India Company became the world’s most powerful business, East India Company - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), official of the East India Company riding in an Indian procession. And the first decades of the 19th century became an era of military successes and territorial acquisitions for the company. Its commercial monopoly was broken in 1813, and from 1834 it was merely a managing agency for the British government of India. Incorporated by royal charter on December 31, 1600, it was started as a monopolistic trading body so that England could participate in the East Indian spice trade. The English East India Company was incorporated by royal charter on December 31, 1600 and went on to act as a part-trade organization, part-nation … 2020 Military East India Company Guinea® Gold Proof Coin. The East India Company is primarily known for its capture of India. Incorporated by royal charter on December 31, 1600, it was started as a monopolistic trading body so that England could participate in the East Indian spice trade . Von der pfeilschnellen Schaluppe bis zum kanonenstarrenden Schweren Linienschiff, von der eleganten Fleute bis zum riesigen Ostindienfahrer: Bei der Zusammenstellung Ihrer Flotten kommt es auf taktisches Geschick an. He ordered the invasion and acquisition of Mysore in 1799. The East India Company was in existence for over 250 years – from 1600-1858. He was Amazon.com's first-ever history editor and has bylines in New York, the Chicago Tribune, and other national outlets. The East India Company was initially created in 1600 to serve as a trading body for English merchants, specifically to participate in the East Indian spice trade. Chinese opposition to that trade precipitated the first Opium War (1839–42), which resulted in a Chinese defeat and the expansion of British trading privileges; a second conflict, often called the Arrow War (1856–60), brought increased trading rights for Europeans. Create a personalised ads profile. It was an English company formed for the exploitation of trade with East and Southeast Asia and India. Corrections? Their CEO describes them as "an Empire-aligned Militant Trading Company striving to seize power through the manipulation of market forces, a strong military and a group of like-minded morally flexible characters. The original company faced opposition to its monopoly, which led to the establishment of a rival company and the fusion (1708) of the two as the United Company of Merchants of England trading to the East Indies. Select basic ads. • Queen Elisabeth granted the monopoly rights to bring goods from India. During its existence it was known by a few other names as well: its formal name from 1600 to 1708 was Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies, and from 1708 to 1873 it was United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. But it was seen as illegitimate by the Indian population and led to discord. The outbreak of violence, which was also known as the Indian Revolt of 1857, effectively brought about the end of the East India Company. Cornwallis set a pattern which would be followed for years, instituting reforms and rooting out the corruption which allowed employees of the company to amass great personal fortunes. Jedoch waren die Portugiesen zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch zu einflussreich und die Genehmigung wurde der Kompanie wieder entzogen. And the native population started to become convinced that the British intended to convert the entire Indian subcontinent to Christianity. There were temporary joint stocks until 1657, when a permanent joint stock was raised. In East India Company, players will enjoy building the World's most powerful trading empire & engaging in vigorous battles in both single player & multiplayer modes, all within a breathtaking cinematic game environment. The Regulating Act (1773) and William Pitt the Younger’s India Act (1784) established government control of political policy through a regulatory board responsible to Parliament. The East India Company was expelled from the Spice Islands by the Dutch in 1682 and instead focussed its attention on India and its textiles. Select personalised ads. Select personalised content. East India Company offers transformative research possibilities with fully searchable handwritten manuscript documents using Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Following the uprising in India, the British government dissolved the company. Outrage over the use of grease, and a refusal to use the new rifle cartridges, led to the bloody Sepoy Mutiny in the spring and summer of 1857. Paradox Interactive is excited to announce East India Company: Battle of Trafalgar, a stand-alone add-on to their naval war strategy game East India Company, exclusively available for digital download at all major digital download portals from December 8th. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Displayed here is an open letter, known as a 'letter patent' by William III and Mary II, prescribing regulations for the conduct of business of the East India Company. After a series of conflicts with Dutch and Portuguese traders active in the Spice Islands, the East India Company concentrated its efforts on trading on the Indian subcontinent. Ships of the company's first voyage sailed from England in February 1601. The army had the primary objective of protecting the trading empire, and acting as a main tool in extending the British hegemony. From the late 18th century it gradually lost both commercial and political control. After the mid-18th century the cotton-goods trade declined, while tea became an important import from China. It was one of the first joint stock companies in the world. Den Briten gelang es zwar, den Aufstand in wenigen Monaten niederzuschlagen. One of the Company’s trading stations was established at Bombay on the west coast of the Indian sub-continent. Updates? Measure content performance. Chartered by Queen Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, the original company comprised a group of London merchants who hoped to trade for spices at islands in present day Indonesia. Create a personalised content profile. East India Company. A number of Christian missionaries had been allowed into India by the East India Company. East India Company, also called English East India Company, formally (1600–1708) Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies or (1708–1873) United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies, English company formed for the exploitation of trade with East and Southeast Asia and India, incorporated by royal charter on December 31, 1600. Informally, it was often referred to as the English East India Company, to differentiate it from the French East India Company and the Dutch East India Company. Oh, and from that moment on, Mughal taxes would be collected by the East India Company… Questions and answers about the East India Company. Doch welchen Preis hat die furchtbare Wahrheit? Transcript. Starting as a monopolistic trading body, the company became involved in politics and acted as an agent of British imperialism in India from the early 18th century to the mid-19th century. Visit us today and explore the world with us. In addition to acquisitions of land by the British causing widespread resentment, there were many problems centered on issues of religion. The idea that random investors could buy … The company's impressive headquarters in London, East India House, was torn down in 1861. The East India House in Leadenhall Street, London, drawing by Thomas Hosmer Shepherd, c. 1817. After being weakened for decades, it ceased to exist as a legal entity in 1873. Among the native soldiers employed by the company, who were known as sepoys, rumors spread that the grease used in manufacturing the cartridges was derived from cows and pigs. List of Partners (vendors). Writing for History Extra, Professor Andrea Major gives an insight into one of history's most powerful companies, and its rise to political power on the Indian subcontinent… The East India Company was granted the Royal Charter on 31 December, 1600 by Queen Elizabeth I. But the major threat to British interests came from the French, who began seizing British trading posts. The East India Company was incorporated by royal charter on December 31, 1600. In the early 1600s the East India Company began dealing with the Mogul rulers of India. The Governor-in-Council was to administer the factories in his jurisdiction with the majority decision. The East India Company evolved from a small enterprise run by a group of City of London merchants, which in 1600 had been granted a royal charter conferring the monopoly of English trade in the whole of Asia and the Pacific. The Regulating Act (1773) and the India Act (1784) established government control of political policy. They were referred to as "nabobs," which was the English pronunciation of nawab, the word for a Mogul leader. "[1]Their Minor Faction, of the same name, rules the Kappa Fornacis system. Wenn du Tipps, Tricks oder Cheats zu diesem Spiel auf Lager hast, kannst Du einen Beitrag einsenden. Inmitten von Ränkespielen und tödlichen Intrigen versucht Ben, seine wertvollen Informationen in die richtigen Hände zu spielen. £695.00 Add to cart. Their first expedition left for Asia in 1601 with four ships commanded … According to The Guardian, the East India Company decided to conquer India in the mid-1700s, and by 1803, it had pretty much done that. As the name suggests, the Company’s humble origins was as a small group of investors and businessmen looking to capitalise on these new trading opportunities. Die Britische Ostindien-Kompanie (British East India Company, BEIC), bis 1707 English East India Company (EIC), war eine von 1600 bis 1874 bestehende Kaufmannsgesellschaft für den Indienhandel, die nach dem Sieg über den Nawab von Bengalen in der Schlacht bei Plassey 1757 zum bestimmenden Machtfaktor in Indien aufstieg und die fast 200-jährige britische Kolonialherrschaft über das Land begründete. Definition and Examples, Indian Rebellion of 1857: Siege of Lucknow, The Most Important Inventions of the Industrial Revolution. https://www.thoughtco.com/east-india-company-1773314 (accessed May 12, 2021). Doch Ben ist nicht der Einzige, der einem Geheimnis auf der Spur ist, das die Grundfesten der East India Company erschüttern könnte. Although some of those enslaved by the company came from Indonesia and West Africa, the majority came from East Africa—from Mozambique or especially from Madagascar—and were primarily transported to the company’s holdings in India and Indonesia. At the Battle of Plassey, in 1757, forces of the East India Company, though greatly outnumbered, defeated Indian forces backed by the French. One of these groups of merchants called themselves Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies, later to become simply The East India Company. That trade had been a monopoly of Spain and Portugal until the defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588) by England gave the English the chance to break the monopoly. ThoughtCo. On Dec. 31, 1600, the, In January 1819 Sir Stamford Raffles of the English. Founded by Robert Clive (1725-1774), a … Richard Wellesley, who served as governor general in India from 1798 to 1805 was instrumental in extending the rule of the company in India. Store and/or access information on a device. It became involved in politics and acted as an agent of British imperialism in India from the early 18th century to the mid-19th century. Official of the East India Company riding in an Indian procession, watercolour on paper, c. 1825–30; in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London. The East India Company was a private company which, after a long series of wars and diplomatic efforts, came to rule India in the 19th century. Incorporated by royal charter on December 31, 1600 AD. The East India Company Began to Focus on Importing From India, British Influence Spread Across India in the 1700s, The East India Company In the Early 1800s, Religious Discord Led to the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny. Alarmed by reports of enormous corruption in India, the British government began to take some control over company affairs. Numerous products, including silk, cotton, sugar, tea, and opium, began to be exported out of India. • An early joint-stock company, which was granted an English Royal Charter by Elisabeth I. on December 31, 1600. McNamara, Robert. It was the leading factor in creating the British Empire. The British expanded their territory, and their income, by using the doctrine. The company that once owned India is now owned by an Indian | East India CompanyHeard of the biggest colonial irony? It was deprived of that role after the Indian Mutiny (1857), and it ceased to exist as a legal entity in 1873. The United Company was organized into a court of 24 directors who worked through committees. The successor to Hastings, Lord Cornwallis (who is remembered in America for having surrendered to George Washington during his military service in the American War of Independence) served as governor-general from 1786 to 1793. "East India Company." Thereafter the company gradually lost both commercial and political control. The company was formed to share in the East Indian spice trade. The East India Company controlled its own army, which by 1800 comprised some 200,000 soldiers, more than twice the membership of the British Army at that time. Hier findest du alle Infos zum Strategiespiel East India Company von Nitro Games für PC: Release, Gameplay und alles, was ihr wissen müsst. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The East India Company was founded during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I and grew into a dominating global player with its own army, with huge influence and power. It extended its activities to the Persian Gulf, Southeast Asia, and East Asia. Develop and improve products. The British, led by Robert Clive, had successfully checked the French incursions. The company eventually became involved in politics and acted as an agent of British imperialism in India from the early 1700s to the mid-1800s. Why was the EIC so successful? Die Furcht vor einer westlichen Überfremdung des Landes war letztlich die Ursache des großen Aufstandes von 1857/1858, in dessen Verlauf sich verschiedene indische Regimenter in Nord-Indien gegen die Briten erhoben. Learn about the British East India Company. A number of things contributed to the end of the East India Company. In the late 1840s and 1850s the governor-general of India, Lord Dalhousie, began to utilize a policy known as the "doctrine of lapse" to acquire territory. In the late 1850s the introduction of a new type of cartridge for the Enfield rifle became a focal point. Apply market research to generate audience insights. East India Company lässt die großartige Epoche wieder lebendig werden, in der stolze Segelschiffe die Weltmeere beherrschten. Dezember 1600 ausstellte. The English East India Company (EIC) started as a joint-stock company under the royal charter issued by Queen Elizabeth. Die East India Company, auch unter den Namen English East India Company, sowie offiziell von 1600-1708 „Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies“ bzw. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. "East India Company." Chartered by Queen Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, the original company comprised a group of London merchants who hoped to trade for spices at islands in present day Indonesia. The company’s commercial monopoly was broken in 1813, and from 1834 it was merely a managing agency for the British government of India. The British were motivated the by the immense wealth of the ships that made the trip there, and back from the East. In addition, the activities of the company in China in the 19th century served as a catalyst for the expansion of British influence there. It was the biggest corporation in world history. It lost that role after the Indian Mutiny (1857). It later added such items as cotton, silk, indigo, saltpeter, tea, and opium to its wares and also participated in the slave trade. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Based in London. In 1876 Queen Victoria would declare herself "Empress of India." Large-scale transportation of slaves by the company was prevalent from the 1730s to the early 1750s and ended in the 1770s. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/east-india-company-1773314. The company found itself having to hire its own armies to defend trading posts. Robert J. McNamara is a history expert and former magazine journalist. Measure ad performance. Tea, Textiles and Porcelain. In return, English goods, including wool, silver, and other metals, were shipped to India. The East India Company was an English company formed for the exploitation of trade with East and Southeast Asia and India. That arrangement led to government intervention. The East India Company today, delivers luxury hampers, tea, coffee, foods and fine gifts of silver tableware and gold coins. The Governor was merely the President of the Council who has no power to override … When the company acquired control of Bengal in 1757, Indian policy was until 1773 influenced by shareholders’ meetings, where votes could be bought by the purchase of shares. Its first act was the subjugation of Mughal emperor Shah Alam in 1765, who after his defeat was forced to dismiss all of his revenue officials in India's major trading cities and replace them with English dudes. To mark the 70th Anniversary of India & Pakistan’s independence, we are exploring the entire relationship between Britain & India over the past 400 years. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Until 1612 the company conducted separate voyages, separately subscribed. 1607 gelang es eine Vollmacht des Mogulherrschers Jahangir 8 zu erwerben, die der East India Company den freien Handel mit Indien gestattete. The East India Company is an Empire player group. 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