The Tayloes of Virginia And Allied Families. [27][36], In the early 1830s American thinking on slavery changed quite abruptly. In a larger unsuccessful prosecution, in August 1836 Key obtained an indictment against Reuben Crandall, brother of controversial Connecticut teacher Prudence Crandall, who had recently moved to Washington, D.C. The Key Monument Association erected a memorial in 1898 and the remains of both Francis Scott Key and his wife were placed in a crypt in the base of the monument. He was best known for his novels depicting the flamboyance and excess of the Jazz Age—a term which he popularized.During his lifetime, he published four novels, four collections of short stories, and 164 short stories. Leepson pp. Born in 1779, Francis Scott Key became a lawyer who witnessed the British attack on Fort McHenry during the War of 1812. The original confusion around this quote arises from ambiguities in the 1937 biography of Key by Edward S. His father John Ross Key was a lawyer, a judge and an officer in the Continental Army. [19] It was somewhat difficult to sing, yet it became increasingly popular, competing with "Hail, Columbia" (1796) as the de facto national anthem by the time of the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War. Francis Scott Key, from "The Star-Spangled Banner" Exposure to notable figures. [21][22][23], Key was a leading attorney in Frederick, Maryland, and Washington, D.C., for many years, with an extensive real estate and trial practice. [39][40] This public and humiliating defeat, as well as family tragedies in 1835, diminished Key's political ambition. Key later served as a district attorney for Washington, D.C. Francis Scott Key was born on August 1, 1779, in Frederick County, Maryland, to a wealthy clan on the plantation of Terra Rubra. Information on Key's relationship to race and his D.C. legal career can be found in the Jefferson Morley book Snow-Storm in August: Washington City, Francis Scott Key, and the Forgotten Race Riot of 1835. [44] He successfully opposed an abolitionist resolution presented to that group around 1838. Francis Scott Key was an attorney and poet who wrote the lyrics to the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner.". Key was a lawyer in Maryland and Washington D.C. for four decades and worked on important cases, including the Burr conspiracy trial, and he argued numerous times before the Supreme Court. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 – December 21, 1940) was an American novelist, essayist, screenwriter, and short story writer. Celebrated American author Herman Melville wrote 'Moby-Dick' and several other sea-adventure novels before turning to poetry later in his literary career. Delaplaine. In 1808, he assisted President Thomas Jefferson's attorney general in United States v. American lawyer and amateur poet. Profil: American lawyer and amateur poet. Born Francis Scott Key; (August 1, 1779 – January 11, 1843). [34] The quote is taken from an 1838 letter that Key wrote to Reverend Benjamin Tappan of Maine who had sent Key a questionnaire about the attitudes of Southern religious institutions about slavery. The song with Key's lyrics became known as "The Star-Spangled Banner" and slowly gained in popularity as an unofficial anthem, finally achieving official status more than a century later under President Herbert Hoover as the national anthem. American short-story writer and novelist F. Scott Fitzgerald is known for his turbulent personal life and his famous novel 'The Great Gatsby.'. Francis Scott Key was born in Frederick County, Maryland, at Terra Rubra, his family's estate, named for the red earth on which it stood. (It had in fact been sewn by Mary Young Pickersgill at the request of the fort commander. This was the official policy of the American Colonization Society. Francis's mother was Ann Phoebe Penn Dagworthy Charlton, a well-educated woman from a wealthy family. Tom Clancy was a New York Times best-selling American author known for writing thrillers such as 'The Hunt For Red October,' 'The Sum of All Fears' and 'Patriot Games.'. Berryville, Va.: pp. [12] He graduated from St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland, in 1796 and read law under his uncle Philip Barton Key who was loyal to the British Crown during the War of Independence. Francis Scott Key was born to Ann Phoebe Penn Dogworthy and Captain James Ross Key at the family plantation Terra Rubra on August 1, 1779 in Frederick, Maryland. On March 3, 1931, President Herbert Hoover along with Congress had the song declared the U.S. national anthem. Leepson p. 26 citing Cincinnati Daily Gazette July 11, 1870. Leepson, Marc, What so Proudly We Hailed: Francis Scott Key, a life (Palgrave Macmillan, 2014). Francis Scott Key was a successful attorney who served during the last year of the War of 1812 in the militia (small armies made up of troops residing in a particular state) of Washington, D.C. [49] Sickles was acquitted in the first use of the temporary insanity defense. He was nominated for District Attorney for the District of Columbia by President Andrew Jackson, where he served from 1833 to 1841. [28] In 1835, he prosecuted Richard Lawrence for his attempt to assassinate President Jackson at the top steps of the Capitol, the first attempt to kill an American president. He had boarded the ship to negotiate the release of an American civilian imprisoned by the British, and had been detained aboard as the bombardment began. Key immediately wrote down the words for a poem that he would continue composing at an inn the next day. Life Francis Scott Key was born to Ann Phoebe Penn Dagworthy (Charlton) and Captain John Ross Key at the family plantation Terra Rubra in what was Frederick County and is now Carroll County, Maryland. Skinner, Key, and Beanes were not allowed to return to their own sloop because they had become familiar with the strength and position of the British units and their intention to launch an attack upon Baltimore, and Key was unable to do anything but watch the bombarding of the American forces at Fort McHenry during the Battle of Baltimore on the night of September 13–14, 1814. Francis Scott Key 1780-1843. He also helped found or financially support several parishes in the new national capital, including St. John's Episcopal Church in Georgetown and Christ Church in Alexandria (at the time, in the District of Columbia). 5, 1963. The ensuing hostilities would come to be known as the War of 1812. Credo FS Key.JPG 1,354 × 866; 261 KB. There are cenotaphs at Fort McHenry, on Eutaw Street in Baltimore and at the Presidio in San Francisco, California. By Dawn's Early Light 1912.png 1,941 × 2,429; 7.24 MB. He made his home there from 1804 to around 1833 with his wife Mary and their six sons and five daughters. He made the first of his many arguments before the United States Supreme Court in 1807. Attorney Francis Scott Key witnessed the twenty-five hour bombardment of Fort McHenry from a British troopship anchored some four miles away. The residence had been located at 3516–18 M Street in Georgetown. Key was a devout Episcopalian. https://www.biography.com/writer/francis-scott-key. [20], The third stanza of the Star-Spangled Banner makes disparaging mention of blacks and demonstrates Key's opinion of their seeking freedom at the time by escaping to the British, who promised them freedom from American enslavement. Francis Scott Key Family Resort accepts these cards and reserves the right to temporarily hold an amount prior to arrival. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Francis Scott Key. He also had a complex, some might say contradictory, stance on race. [50] In 1861, Key's grandson Francis Key Howard was imprisoned in Fort McHenry with the Mayor of Baltimore George William Brown and other locals deemed to be Confederate sympathizers. ", The jury acquitted Crandall of all charges. He and his family settled in Georgetown in 1805 or 1806, near the new national capital. During this time Francis Scott Key was a lawyer in Georgetown, just a few miles from Washington D.C. Key was a distant cousin and the namesake of F. Scott Fitzgerald, whose full name was Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald. [46], Though Key had written poetry from time to time, often with heavily religious themes, these works were not collected and published until 14 years after his death. Key wed Mary "Polly" Taylor Lloyd in the early 1800s, and the couple would go on to have 11 children. Key owned slaves from 1800, during which time abolitionists ridiculed his words, claiming that America was more like the "Land of the Free and Home of the Oppressed". He also helped establish the American Colonization Society, which advocated the transport of African Americans to Africa. In 1806, Key's sister, Anne Phoebe Charlton Key, married Roger B. Taney, who would later become Chief Justice of the United States. Despite several efforts to preserve it, the Francis Scott Key residence was ultimately dismantled in 1947. After falling ill with pleurisy, Key died on January 11, 1843, in Baltimore, Maryland, at the age of 63 and was laid to rest in nearby Mount Olivet Cemetery near the city of Frederick. At age 10 he entered St. John’s College in Annapolis, Maryland, from which he graduated in 1796. Coat of Arms of Francis Scott Key.svg 364 × 454; 365 KB. Francis Scott Key. She was a devout Christian who was both generous and hospitable. He was inspired upon seeing the American flag still flying over the fort at dawn and wrote the poem "Defence of Fort M'Henry"; it was published within a week with the suggested tune of the popular song "To Anacreon in Heaven". 2008 03 28 - Frederick - Ross Mansion plaque.JPG 3,000 × 4,000; 3.28 MB. In 1859, Key's son Philip Barton Key II, who also served as United States Attorney for the District of Columbia, was shot and killed by Daniel Sickles‍—‌a U.S. Representative from New York who would serve as a general in the American Civil War‍—‌after he discovered that Philip Barton Key was having an affair with his wife. Decades later, in 1916, President Woodrow Wilson declared "The Star-Spangled Banner" should be played at official events. In 1846 one daughter, Alice, married U.S. [7] In 1833, he secured a grand jury indictment against Benjamin Lundy, editor of the anti-slavery publication Genius of Universal Emancipation, and his printer William Greer, for libel after Lundy published an article that declared, "There is neither mercy nor justice for colored people in this district [of Columbia]". Key observed the British bombardment of Fort McHenry in 1814 during the War of 1812. In response to the coronavirus (COVID-19), additional safety and sanitation measures are in effect at this property. [37] "This Colonization Society had, by an invisible process, half conscious, half unconscious, been transformed into a serviceable organ and member of the Slave Power. Key was a devout and prominent Episcopalian. Attorney. The work, which relied heavily on visualizations of what he witnessed, would come to be known as the "Defence of Fort M'Henry" and was printed in handbills and newspapers, including the Baltimore Patriot. He, along with Colonel John Skinner, was able to secure Beanes' freedom, though they were not allowed to return to land until the British completed their bombardment of Fort McHenry. Francis Scott Key (1779-1843), the writer of the poem 'The Star Spangled Banner' (Getty Images) History behind ‘The Star-Spangled Banner’ ‘The Star-Spangled Banner’ was written by 35-year-old lawyer Key after witnessing the bombardment of Fort McHenry by British ships of the Royal Navy in Baltimore Harbor during the Battle of Baltimore in the War of 1812. [36] The ACS was not supported by most abolitionists or free blacks of the time, but the organization's work would eventually lead to the creation of Liberia in 1847. [13] Two of his religious poems used as Christian hymns include "Before the Lord We Bow" and "Lord, with Glowing Heart I'd Praise Thee".[47]. Francis Scott Key was born on August 1, 1779, at Terra Rubra, his family’s estate in Frederick County (now Carroll County), Maryland. A jury sentenced him to death by lethal injection. [17], At dawn, Key was able to see an American flag waving, and he later wrote a poem about his experience entitled "Defence of Fort M'Henry" which was published in William Pechin's[18] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser on September 21, 1814. In an April 1837 trial that attracted nationwide attention and that congressmen attended, Key charged that Crandall's publications instigated slaves to rebel. He was educated at home until the age of 10 and then attended an Annapolis grammar school. After continual bombing, to Key's surprise, the British weren't able to destroy the fort, and Key noted upon the dawning of the next morning a large U.S. flag being flown. By the early 1810s, the United States had entered into conflict with Britain over the kidnapping of U.S. seamen and the disruption of trade with France. President James Madison and his wife Dolley had to leave the White House and run to a safer place. Francis Scott Key was an attorney and poet who wrote the lyrics to the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner." He remained a staunch proponent of African colonization and a strong critic of the abolition movement until his death.[41]. Key also published a prose work called The Power of Literature, and Its Connection with Religion in 1834.[13]. Francis Scott Key (August 1, 1779 – January 11, 1843) was an American lawyer, author, and amateur poet from Frederick, Maryland, who is best known for writing the lyrics for the American national anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner". Who Was Francis Scott Key? Francis Scott Key (1779–1843) Soundtrack | Music Department Francis Scott Key was born to Ann Phoebe Penn Dogworthy and Captain James Ross Key at the family plantation Terra Rubra on August 1, 1779 in Frederick, Maryland. Media in category "Francis Scott Key" The following 35 files are in this category, out of 35 total. Cuando cuenta diez años, sus padres lo enviaron a la escuela de la gramática en Annapolis. Led by newspaper editor and publisher Wm. [7][31] Key was one of the executors of John Randolph of Roanoke's will, which freed his 400 slaves, and Key fought to enforce the will for the next decade and to provide the freed slaves with land to support themselves. [6] As District Attorney, he suppressed abolitionists and did not support an immediate end to slavery. Evidence was introduced that the anti-slavery publications were packing materials used by his landlady in shipping his possessions to him. Considerable opposition to the American Colonization Society's project emerged. ", "The name Byrd Stadium is no more, but other UMD buildings have discriminatory namesakes, too", "Francis Scott Key (FSK) Hall | GW Housing | Division of Student Affairs", "Francis Scott Key Elementary School, San Francisco, CA", "San Francisco Landmark 96: Francis Scott Key Monument, Golden Gate Park", "Refurbished Key Monument to Be Site on Star-Spangled Banner Walking Tour", "Protest updates: Protesters tear down 2 statues in Golden Gate Park", What So Proudly We Hailed: Francis Scott Key, A Life, Francis Scott Key biography at Cyber Hymnal, http://www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/k/e/y/key_fs.htmhttp://www.hymntime.com/tch/, Preservation of the Residence of Francis Scott Key. Key was an enslaver himself, though he went on record as saying that the system of slavery was full of sin and "a bed of torture." Francis Scott Key 1806-John Ross Key 1809-1837 Married 25 September 1834 toVirginia Ringgold ca 1813-1901 with. 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